New research from the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) and Flinders University found that toddlers may not be consuming enough choline, a key nutrient found in eggs required for cognitive development and brain health.
According to the study, just 35 per cent of infants (6-12 months) and 23 per cent of toddlers (12-24 months) were meeting the recommended choline intake as set by Australia’s national health and medical research council (NHMRC).
SAHMRI Researcher Dr Najma Moumin says although the body produces some choline, additional amounts must be sourced from the diet to support optimal brain development.
“The low choline intakes revealed within our study is concerning, as the first two years of life are a critical period for growth and neurodevelopment. Low dietary choline intake may negatively impact cognitive development,” said Dr Moumin.
“Our study revealed that breastmilk is the primary resource of choline for children, providing 42% of the total intake in infants, and 14% in toddlers. However, children who also consumed eggs had the highest choline intakes and were more likely to meet the NHMRC recommended intake.”
During pregnancy and lactation, the recommended choline intake is 440 and 550 mg per day respectively, to support both maternal and child needs. Despite this, findings from the 2011/13 National Nutrition and Physical Survey revealed that fewer than one per cent of pregnant and lactating women in Australia meet this recommendation, suggesting that maternal diets may also need improvement.
Sharon Natoli, accredited dietitian and founder of Food & Nutrition Australia, says eggs are one of the highest sources of dietary choline for both children and adults.
“Eggs are a significant source of choline in the Australian diet, providing more than double the amount of choline per 100 grams than any other commonly eaten food. One egg contains around 164 mg of choline. By eating two eggs per day, Australians will achieve most of their daily intake,” Ms Natoli said.
“Beyond children and pregnancy, choline is beneficial for many demographics, including older Australians as eggs are nutrient-dense, delicious, versatile, and cost-effective, making them an appropriate food inclusion for any age group.”
The study took place among a total of 1,140 parent caregivers and children in 2021.
